Wooden-stave pipe.



No. .738,394.- PATENTBD; SEPT. 8', 1903.

f I a A. BANNISTER. Y WOODEN STAVE PIPE. APPLIQATION FILED MAY 20. 1903. I0 MODEL.

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' UNITED STATES Patented September 8, i903.

PATENT Quince.

ALFRED BANNISTER, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA.

WQODEN-STAVE PIPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 738,394, dated September 8, 1903.

Application filed May 20, 1903.

T0 ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED BANNrsrEn, a citizen of the United States, residing in Alameda, county of Alameda, State of California, have invented an Improvement in \Vooden- Stave Pipes; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of pipe which is constructed of wooden staves banded together.

It consists of socket-pieces interposed between the abutting ends of the strips which form the continuous staves and in the employment of bands or metallic strips underlying the bands by which the staves are held together.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation of my invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a transverse section. Fig. 3 is a detail showing side and end views of the coupling-piece.

Pipe of this character is commonly made with staves A, molded to a uniform and appropriate cross section and of convenient These staves are placed so as to break joints, and a continuous structure is thus obtained. Hence curves can be produced, and a structure results which is more nearly uniform in strength at all points than a similar structure of riveted metal.

The pipe is held together by bands 2 of round steel, having a head at one end and a threaded portion and nut at the other, these meeting ends being fixed in a suitable shoe 3, so that the bands may be tightened to secure close longitudinal joints and the necessary rigidity.

In order to secure the abutting ends of the sections forming the continuous staves A of the pipe, I employ a socket-piece 4-, made of metal and having a length equal to the width of the stave. These socket-pieces are approximately of I section transversely, as shown in Fig. 3, having the heads 5 of such width as to extend over and clasp the contiguous'ends of the stave-sections. I have shown these heads as being beveled, so that they will fit a correspondingly beveled or tapered end of the staves upon opposite sides, and it will be seen that by this construction the two abutting stave ends are firmly locked in these seen No. 157,922 (No model.)

' ning parallel with the longitudinal axis of the pipe and at the inner surface of the same. Sockets of this character do not sensibly diminish the strength of the wooden'elements, and the joint thus secured will not bulge outward to any appreciable extent under pres sure, and the stave ends mutually support each other under any pressure which may be brought upon them.

In building all pipes of this character it is convenient and is the practice to have the meeting ends of the bands 2 disposed about the upper half of the pipe,so as to be conveniently accessible for tightening when necessary. It will be seen that by this construction the operation of turning the nuts and tightening the bands practically applies to only one-half of the cylinder. As a matter of experience,tl1e resulting stress comes heavier upon the upper staves than the lower ones, and this is shown by actual measurement and also appears in occasional buckling or wrinkling of the staves at places where the tightening stress is great. This result is due to the fact that the band, being usually round, is caused to sink somewhat into the wood of the tube in the tightening process, adhering sufficiently, so that the drawing of the staves together or tightening the pipe is unequal, the top of the pipe or that portion contiguous to the ti ghtening-nuts being more firmly drawn together than the portion opposite and more distant therefrom.

It is my object to equalize the crushing stress and distribute the strain more evenly, and this I effect by interposing between the bands and the wood the metal strips '7, which are fitted around the wooden cylinder underneath each of the bands.

The adhesion between the metal band and the metal underlying strip is less than that between the band and the wood, as previously described. Therefore when the band is to be IOC tightened, by turning the nut the whole length of the band will slide more easily, and thus equalize the compressive strain around the Whole circumference. It will be understood that these bands may be placed at any desired interval apart, depending upon the amount of interior pressure to which the pipe is to be subjected.

The strips 7 are preferably made in more than one piece in order to allow the greatest freedom of movement and a more perfect equalization of the compressive strain.

Having thus described my invention, what i I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Awooden pipe formed of staves hooped together, said staves formed in lengths with abutting ends in combination with metal socket-pieces having a length substantially equal to the width of the staves said socketpieces inserted between the abutting ends of the staves and channeled upon opposite sides and adapted to receive endwise the contiguous ends of abutting staves.

2. A wooden pipe consisting of longitudinal sectional staves hooped together, in combination with transversely-disposed socketpieces of a length corresponding to the width pieces having the ends extended along the inner pipe-surface.

4. A wooden pipe consisting of longitudinallydisposed staves, with means for locking the abutting ends together, hoops or hands surrounding the staves, andmeans for tightening said hoops, in combination with underlying strips of metal upon which the hoops rest.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ALFRED BANNlS-TER.

WVitnesses:

S. ll. NOURSE, JESSIE C. BnoDIE. 

